| page last updated on February 4, 2010 |
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W 1816 r., Zjednoczone Prowincje Rio de la Plata og³osi³y niepodleg³o¶æ od Hiszpanii. Po Boliwia, Paragwaj i Urugwaj poszed³ w³asnymi drogami, obszar, który pozosta³ siê w Argentynie. Ludno¶ci kraju i kultury w du¿ym stopniu ukszta³towane przez imigrantów z ca³ej Europy, ale wiêkszo¶æ szczególnie we W³oszech i Hiszpanii, która dostarczy³a najwiêkszy odsetek przybyszów z 1860 do 1930. Do oko³o po³owy 20 wieku, wiele historii Argentyny zosta³ zdominowany przez okres wewnêtrznego konfliktu politycznego miêdzy Federalistów i unitarianie oraz pomiêdzy frakcjami cywilnymi i wojskowymi. Po II wojnie ¶wiatowej, era Peronist populizmu i po¶rednich i bezpo¶rednich interwencji wojskowych w kolejnych rz±dów by³ ¶ledzony przez wojskow± juntê, ¿e przej±³ w³adzê w 1976 roku. Demokracja powróci³ w 1983 r. po nieudanej próby przejêcia Falklandy (Malwiny) Wyspy ¿ycie i utrzymuje siê pomimo licznych wyzwañ, z których najgro¼niejszy by³ powa¿nego kryzysu gospodarczego w 2001-02
that led to violent public protests and the successive resignations of several presidents.
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Po³udniowej Ameryki Po³udniowej, nad po³udniowym Atlantyku, miêdzy Chile i Urugwaju
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34 00 S, 64 00 W
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total: 2,780,400 sq km
Ranking: 8
land:
2,736,690 sq km
water:
43,710 sq km
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slightly less than three-tenths the size of the US
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total: 9,861 km
border countries:
Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,261 km, Chile 5,308 km, Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 580 km
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4,989 km
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone:
24 nm
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
continental shelf:
200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
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mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest
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bogatych równinach Pampas w czê¶ci pó³nocnej, p³askie lub faliste p³askowy¿u Patagonii na po³udniu, niedostêpne Andy wzd³u¿ zachodniej granicy
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lowest point: Laguna del Carbon -105 m (located between Puerto San Julian and Comandante Luis Piedra Buena in the province of Santa Cruz)
highest point:
Cerro Aconcagua 6,960 m (located in the northwestern corner of the province of Mendoza)
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¿yznych równinach pampasów, o³owiu, cynku, cyny, miedzi, rud ¿elaza, manganu, ropa naftowa, uran
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arable land: 10.03%
permanent crops:
0.36%
other:
89.61% (2005)
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15,500 sq km (2003)
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814 cu km (2000)
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total: 29.19 cu km/yr (17%/9%/74%)
per capita:
753 cu m/yr (2000)
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San Miguel de Mendoza Tucuman i obszarów podlegaj±cych Andach na trzêsienia ziemi; pamperos s± gwa³towne huragany, które mog± uderzyæ pampasów i pó³nocno-wschodni, du¿e powodzie
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problemów ochrony ¶rodowiska (miejskich i wiejskich) typowych dla gospodarki industrializacji, takie jak wylesianie, zanieczyszczenie degradacji gleby, pustynnienie, zanieczyszczenie powietrza i wody
note:
Argentina is a world leader in setting voluntary greenhouse gas targets
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party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified:
Marine Life Conservation
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drugim co do wielko¶ci w Ameryce Po³udniowej (po Brazylii); strategiczne po³o¿enie w stosunku do szlaków morskich pomiêdzy po³udniowym Atlantyku i Morza Po³udniowego Pacyfiku (Cie¶nina Magellana, Kana³ Beagle, Cie¶nina Drake\u0026#39;a), zró¿nicowane krajobrazy geofizycznych w zakresie od klimacie tropikalnym na pó³nocy tundra na dalekim po³udniu, Cerro Aconcagua jest na pó³kuli zachodniej na najwy¿szych górskich, a Laguna del Carbon to najni¿szy punkt na pó³kuli zachodniej
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40,913,584 (July 2009 est.)
Ranking: 31
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0-14 years: 25.6% (male 5,369,477/female 5,122,260)
15-64 years:
63.5% (male 12,961,725/female 13,029,265)
65 years and over:
10.8% (male 1,819,057/female 2,611,800) (2009 est.)
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total: 30 years
male:
29 years
female:
31 years (2009 est.)
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1.053% (2009 est.)
Ranking: 126
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17.94 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)
Ranking: 114
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7.41 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.)
Ranking: 119
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0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)
Ranking: 73
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urban population: 92% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization:
1.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
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at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female
total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
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total: 11.44 deaths/1,000 live births
Ranking: 149
male:
12.76 deaths/1,000 live births
female:
10.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)
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total population: 76.56 years
Ranking: 66
male:
73.32 years
female:
79.97 years (2009 est.)
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2.35 children born/woman (2009 est.)
Ranking: 106
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0.5% (2007 est.)
Ranking: 72
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120,000 (2007 est.)
Ranking: 42
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7,000 (2007 est.)
Ranking: 39
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degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases:
bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A
water contact disease:
leptospirosis (2009)
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noun: Argentine(s)
adjective:
Argentine
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bia³y (g³ównie hiszpañski i w³oski) 97%, Metysów (mieszanina bia³ych i Indian przodków), indiañskiej lub inne bia³e grup 3%
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bazowy katolicy 92% (mniej ni¿ 20% praktykuj±cych), protestanci 2%, ¯ydzi 2%, inne 4%
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Spanish (official), Italian, English, German, French
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
97.2%
male:
97.2%
female:
97.2% (2001 census)
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total: 15 years
male:
14 years
female:
16 years (2005)
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3.8% of GDP (2004)
Ranking: 113
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conventional long form: Argentine Republic
conventional short form:
Argentina
local long form:
Republica Argentina
local short form:
Argentina
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republic
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name: Buenos Aires
geographic coordinates:
34 36 S, 58 40 W
time difference:
UTC-3 (3 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:
+1hr, begins first Sunday in October; ends third Saturday in March; note - a new policy of daylight saving time was initiated by the government on 30 December 2007
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23 prowincji (Provincias, l.poj - provincia) i 1 autonomiczne miasto * (Distrito Federal), Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal *, Catamarca, Chaco, Chubut, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja , Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tierra del Fuego - Antarktyka e Islas del Atlantico Sur, Tucumán
note:
the US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica
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9 July 1816 (from Spain)
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Revolution Day, 25 May (1810)
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1 May 1853; amended many times starting in 1860
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mieszanki USA i Europy Zachodniej systemów prawnych, nie przyjê³a jurysdykcji obowi±zkowego MTS
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18 years of age; universal and compulsory
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chief of state: President Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER (since 10 December 2007); Vice President Julio COBOS (since 10 December 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government:
President Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER (since 10 December 2007); Vice President Julio COBOS (since 10 December 2007)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 28 October 2007 (next election to be held in 2011)
election results:
Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER elected president; percent of vote - Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER 45%, Elisa CARRIO 23%, Roberto LAVAGNA 17%, Alberto Rodriguez SAA 8%
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dwuizbowy Kongres Narodowy lub Congreso Nacional sk³ada siê z Senatu (72 miejsc; cz³onkowie s± wybierani w g³osowaniu bezpo¶rednim, obecnie jedna trzecia cz³onków wybieranych co dwa lata, aby s³u¿yæ sze¶cioletnie kadencje) i Izby Deputowanych (257 miejsc; cz³onków wybierany w bezpo¶rednich wyborach; po³owê cz³onków wybieranych co dwa lata, aby s³u¿yæ czteroletni± kadencjê)
elections:
Senat - ostatnio odby³o 28 czerwca 2009 (nastêpna odbêdzie siê w 2011 r.); Izby Deputowanych - ostatnie odby³o siê w dniach 28 czerwca 2009 (nastêpna odbêdzie siê w 2011 r.)
election results:
Senate - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA; seats by bloc or party - FpV 8, ACyS 14, PJ disidente 2; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by bloc or party - NA; seats by bloc or party - FpV 45, ACyS 42, PRO 20, PJ disidente 12, other 8; note - as of 13 January 2009, the composition of the entire legislature is as follows: Senate - seats by bloc or party - FpV 36, ACyS 23, PJ disidente 9, other 4; Chamber of Deputies - seats by bloc or party - FpV 113, ACyS 77, PRO 26, PJ disidente 17, other 24
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S±du Najwy¿szego lub Corte suprema (Sêdziów S±du Najwy¿szego s± mianowani przez prezydenta za zgod± Senatu)
note:
the Supreme Court has seven judges; the Argentine Congress in 2006 passed a bill to gradually reduce the number of Supreme Court judges to five
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Obywatelskie i spo³eczne Accord lub ACyS (szeroki centrolewicowa Sojuszu w tym CC, UCR, a partie socjalistyczne utworzonych przed wyborami w 2009 r. legislacyjnych); Obywatelskiej Koalicji lub CC (szerokiej koalicji lu¼no powi±zana z Elisa Carrio); Dissident Peronists lub PJ Disidente (sektor Partia Justycjalistyczna przeciwieñstwie do Kirchners); Front na rzecz Zwyciêstwa lub FPV (szerokiej koalicji, w tym elementów UCR i licznych partii prowincji) [Néstor Kirchner]; Interbloque Federalne lub IF (szeroka koalicja ok. 12 stron, w tym Pro); Partia Justycjalistyczna lub PJ [Néstor Kirchner]; Radykalna Unia Obywatelska i UCR [Ernesto SANZ]; Republikañskiej wniosku lub PRO [Mauricio Macri] (w tym Federalnej Odtworzenie przep³ywu lub RECREAR [Esteban Bullrich]; Partii Socjalistycznej lub PS [Ruben Giustiniani]; Unii dla wszystkich (zwi±zane z Obywatelskiej Koalicji) [Patricia Bullrich]; licznych prowincji strony
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Argentine Association of Pharmaceutical Labs (CILFA); argentyñskie Zwi±zku Przemys³owego (Stowarzyszenie Producentów); Argentyñskiej Konfederacji Wsi lub CRA (ma³e i ¶rednie stowarzyszenia w³a¶cicieli "); argentyñskie spo³eczeñstwa wiejskiego (wielkich w³a¶cicieli ziemskich \u0026#39;Association), Central argentyñskiego Pracownicy i CTA ( radykalnych zwi±zków dla osób zatrudnionych i bezrobotnych); Powszechnej Konfederacji Pracy i CGT (Peronist-oparty organizacji pracy parasol), White and Blue CGT (dysydent konfederacji pracy CGT), Ko¶ció³ Rzymsko-Katolicki
other:
business organizations; Peronist-dominated labor movement; Piquetero groups (popular protest organizations that can be either pro or anti-government); students
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AfDB (nonregional cz³onków), Australia Group, BCIE, BIS, CAN (Associate), FAO, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, Itso, ITU, ITUC, zobacz, Laia, Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, NSG, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW Klubu Paryskiego (associate), PCA, RG, SICA (obserwator), ONZ, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, Unii Latina (obserwator), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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chief of mission: Ambassador Hector Marcos TIMERMAN
chancery:
1600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone:
[1] (202) 238-6400
FAX:
[1] (202) 332-3171
consulate(s) general:
Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York
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chief of mission: Ambassador Vilma MARTINEZ
embassy:
Avenida Colombia 4300, C1425GMN Buenos Aires
mailing address:
international mail: use embassy street address; APO address: US Embassy Buenos Aires, Unit 4334, APO AA 34034
telephone:
[54] (11) 5777-4533
FAX:
[54] (11) 5777-4240
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trzy równe poziome pasy ¶wiat³a niebieskiego (na górze), bia³y i b³êkitny, w ¶rodku bia³y pas jest promienna ¿ó³tego s³oñca z ludzk± twarz± znanego jako Sun maja, kolory reprezentuj± czyste niebo i ¶nieg Andów; Symbol niedz przypomina wygl±d s³oñce przez s³abe niebo na 25 maja 1810 w ci±gu pierwszych masowych demonstracji na rzecz niepodleg³o¶ci; funkcje s³oñca s± te Inti, Inca boga s³oñca
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Argentyna korzy¶ci z bogatych zasobów naturalnych, ludno¶ci wysoko wykszta³conych, zorientowanych na eksport sektora rolnego i zró¿nicowanej bazy przemys³owej. Chocia¿ jednym z najbogatszych krajów, 100 lat temu, Argentyna ucierpia³y w wiêkszo¶ci z 20. wieku cykliczne kryzysy gospodarcze, podatkowe i trwa³ych deficytów obrotów bie¿±cych, wysok± inflacjê, monta¿ zad³u¿enia zagranicznego i ucieczki kapita³u. Ciê¿ka depresja, wzrost publicznych i zad³u¿enia zagranicznego, a bank run zakoñczy³ w 2001 roku w najbardziej powa¿ne problemy gospodarcze, spo³eczne i kryzys polityczny w kraju burzliw± historiê. Tymczasowy prezydent Adolfo Rodríguez Saá zg³oszone domy¶lne - najwiêkszy w historii - w sprawie rz±dowego zad³u¿enia zagranicznego w grudniu tego roku, i nagle zrezygnowa³ zaledwie kilka dni po objêciu urzêdu. Jego nastêpca, Eduardo Duhalde, zapowiedzia³ zakoñczenie peso lat-long 1-do-1 PEG do dolara na pocz±tku 2002 roku. Gospodarki dnie, ¿e rok, z realnego PKB 18% mniejsze tha
n in 1998 and almost 60% of Argentines under the poverty line. Real GDP rebounded to grow by an average 9% annually over the subsequent five years, taking advantage of previously idled industrial capacity and labor, an audacious debt restructuring and reduced debt burden, excellent international financial conditions, and expansionary monetary and fiscal policies. Inflation also increased, however, during the administration of President Nestor KIRCHNER, which responded with price restraints on businesses, as well as export taxes and restraints, and beginning in early 2007, with understating inflation data. Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER succeeded her husband as President in late 2007, and the rapid economic growth of previous years began to slow sharply the following year as government policies held back exports and the world economy fell into recession. Her government nationalized private pension funds in late 2008 in an attempt to bolster government coffers, but the move also adversely affected private inve
stment spending. GPD growth fell to 0.5% in 2009.
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$558 billion (2009 est.)
Ranking: 24
$572.3 billion (2008 est.)
$545 billion (2007 est.)
note:
data are in 2009 US dollars; data are based on private estimates. Official estimates put growth at 0.5% in 2009, 6.8% in 2008, and 8.7% in 2007, but the official figures lack credibility
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$301.3 billion (2009 est.)
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-2.5% (2009 est.)
Ranking: 152
5% (2008 est.)
7.5% (2007 est.)
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$13,800 (2009 est.)
Ranking: 81
$14,400 (2008 est.)
$13,600 (2007 est.)
note:
data are in 2009 US dollars
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agriculture: 8.5%
industry:
32.2%
services:
59.3% (2009 est.)
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16.38 million
Ranking: 37
note:
urban areas only (2009 est.)
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agriculture: 1%
industry:
23%
services:
76% (2008 est.)
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9.6% (2009 est.)
Ranking: 112
7.875% (2008 est.)
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13.9%
note:
based on official government estimates; non-official estimates put poverty at 30-35% during the period (January-June 2009)
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lowest 10%: 1%
highest 10%:
35% (January-March 2007)
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49 (January-March 2007)
Ranking: 27
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20.5% of GDP (2009 est.)
Ranking: 86
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revenues: $80.3 billion
expenditures:
$84.3 billion (2009 est.)
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49.1% of GDP (2009 est.)
Ranking: 48
48.6% of GDP (2008 est.)
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6.2% (2009 est.)
Ranking: 160
8.6% (2008 est.)
note:
based on official estimates, which lack credibility; non-official estimates put inflation at 22% in 2008
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NA
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19.47% (31 December 2008)
Ranking: 7
28% (28 November 2008)
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$NA (31 December 2008)
$33.93 billion (31 December 2007)
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$NA (31 December 2008)
$45.92 billion (31 December 2007)
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$NA (31 December 2008)
$72.55 billion (31 December 2007)
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$52.31 billion (31 December 2008)
Ranking: 50
$86.68 billion (31 December 2007)
$79.73 billion (31 December 2006)
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nasiona s³onecznika, cytryny, soja, winogrona, kukurydza, tytoñ, orzeszki ziemne, herbata, pszenica; zwierz±t
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przetwórstwa spo¿ywczego, pojazdów samochodowych, konsumpcyjnych trwa³ego u¿ytku, materia³ów w³ókienniczych, chemicznych i petrochemicznych, drukowanie, metalurgia, stal
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-1.5% (2009 est.)
Ranking: 82
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109.5 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Ranking: 30
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99.21 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Ranking: 31
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2.628 billion kWh (2007 est.)
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10.28 billion kWh (2007 est.)
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792,300 bbl/day (2008 est.)
Ranking: 26
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610,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
Ranking: 28
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314,400 bbl/day (2007 est.)
Ranking: 38
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52,290 bbl/day (2007 est.)
Ranking: 87
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2.616 billion bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
Ranking: 31
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44.06 billion cu m (2008 est.)
Ranking: 21
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44.47 billion cu m (2008 est.)
Ranking: 18
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890 million cu m (2008 est.)
Ranking: 37
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1.3 billion cu m (2008 est.)
Ranking: 50
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441.7 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
Ranking: 33
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$14.43 billion (2009 est.)
Ranking: 18
$7.077 billion (2008 est.)
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$58.87 billion (2009 est.)
Ranking: 39
$70.02 billion (2008 est.)
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soybeans and derivatives, petroleum and gas, vehicles, corn, wheat
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Brazylia 18,9%, Chiny 9,1%, USA 7,9%, Chile 6,7%, Holandia 4.2% (2008)
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$37.61 billion (2009 est.)
Ranking: 53
$54.56 billion (2008 est.)
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maszyny, pojazdy silnikowe, ropa naftowa i gaz ziemny, chemikalia organiczne, tworzywa sztuczne
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Brazil 31.3%, China 12.4%, US 12.2%, Germany 4.4% (2008)
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$7.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ranking: 57
$46.37 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
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$108.6 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ranking: 32
$128.2 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
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$79.54 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ranking: 38
$73.98 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
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$29.55 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
Ranking: 34
$28.75 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
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Peso argentyñskie (ARS) za dolara - 3,7639 (2009), 3,1636 (2008), 3,1105 (2007), 3,0543 (2006), 2,9037 (2005)
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9.631 million (2008)
Ranking: 23
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46.509 million (2008)
Ranking: 21
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general assessment: by opening the telecommunications market to competition and foreign investment with the "Telecommunications Liberalization Plan of 1998," Argentina encouraged the growth of modern telecommunications technology; fiber-optic cable trunk lines are being installed between all major cities; major networks are entirely digital and the availability of telephone service is improving; fixed-line telephone density is gradually increasing reaching nearly 25 lines per 100 people in 2008; mobile telephone subscribership has been increasing rapidly and has reached a level of 115 telephones per 100 persons
domestic:
microwave radio relay, fiber-optic cable, and a domestic satellite system with 40 earth stations serve the trunk network; mobile telephone use is rapidly expanding; broadband services are gaining ground
international:
country code - 54; landing point for the Atlantis-2, UNISUR, and South America-1 optical submarine cable systems that provide links to Europe, Africa, South and Central America, and US; satellite earth stations - 112; 2 international gateways near Buenos Aires (2008)
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AM 260, FM (prawdopodobnie ponad 1000, g³ównie nielicencjonowanych), krótkofalówka 6 (1998)
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42 (plus 444 repeaters) (1997)
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.ar
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4.906 million (2009)
Ranking: 16
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11.212 million (2008)
Ranking: 28
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1,130 (2009)
Ranking: 6
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total: 156
over 3,047 m:
4
2,438 to 3,047 m:
26
1,524 to 2,437 m:
65
914 to 1,523 m:
51
under 914 m:
10 (2009)
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total: 974
over 3,047 m:
1
2,438 to 3,047 m:
1
1,524 to 2,437 m:
44
914 to 1,523 m:
522
under 914 m:
406 (2009)
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2 (2009)
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gazu 28.248 km, gaz p³ynny 41 km, olej 5977 km; produktów rafinacji 3636 km (2009)
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total: 31,409 km
Ranking: 8
broad gauge:
27,301 km 1.676-m gauge (94 km electrified)
standard gauge:
2,780 km 1.435-m gauge (26 km electrified)
narrow gauge:
1,328 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)
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total: 231,374 km
Ranking: 22
paved:
69,412 km (includes 734 km of expressways)
unpaved:
161,962 km (2004)
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11,000 km (2007)
Ranking: 11
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total: 46
Ranking: 72
by type:
bulk carrier 3, cargo 9, chemical tanker 2, container 1, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 24, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 1
foreign-owned:
14 (Brazil 1, Chile 7, Spain 2, UK 4)
registered in other countries:
19 (Liberia 3, Panama 8, Paraguay 5, Uruguay 3) (2008)
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Arroyo Seco, Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, La Plata, Punta Colorada, Rosario, San Lorenzo, San Martin
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Argentine Army (Ejercito Argentino), Navy Republiki Argentyñskiej (Armada Republica; obejmuje okrêtów marynarki wojennej i lotnictwa piechoty), Argentine Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Argentyna, FAA) (2009)
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18-24 lat dobrowolnej s³u¿by wojskowej (18-21 wymaga zgody rodziców), nie walce (2001)
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males age 16-49: 10,029,488
females age 16-49:
9,889,002 (2008 est.)
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males age 16-49: 8,264,853
females age 16-49:
8,268,498 (2009 est.)
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male: 341,590
female:
326,342 (2009 est.)
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1.3% of GDP (2005 est.)
Ranking: 120
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argentyñski wojskowy jest dobrze zorganizowane ¿ycie ograniczane przez pañstwa d³ugotrwa³e trudno¶ci gospodarczych; kraju w ostatnim czasie silnego o¿ywienia, a wojsko jest wdra¿anie planu modernizacji maj±cych na celu zwiêkszenie si³y ziemi l¿ejsze i bardziej czu³e (2008)
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Kwestii ponadnarodowych ::
Argentina
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Argentyna nadal dochodziæ swoich roszczeñ do Wielkiej Brytanii podawanego Falklandy (Malwiny), Georgia Po³udniowa i Sandwich Po³udniowy w konstytucji, si³± okupuj±cych Falklandy w 1982 roku, ale w 1995 r. uzgodniono ju¿ szukaæ rozwi±zania przez ¿ycie; terytorialnym roszczenia na Antarktydzie czê¶ciowo pokrywa Wielkiej Brytanii i chilijskich roszczeñ; niesforne region na zbie¿no¶æ Argentyna-Brazylia-Paragwaj granic jest locus prania pieniêdzy, przemytu broni i nielegalnego handlu narkotykami i pozyskiwania funduszy dla organizacji ekstremistycznych, bezspornych sporu miêdzy Brazyli± i Urugwajem na braziliera / Brasiliera Island w Quarai / Cuareim rzeki pozostawia Trójstyk z Argentyn±, o których mowa, w roku 2006, Argentyna poszed³ do MTS protestu, ze wzglêdów ¶rodowiskowych, budowê dwóch m³ynów celulozy w Urugwaju na rzece Urugwaj, która stanowi granicê, zarówno Strony przedstawi³y ich pismach w 2007 r. Odpowied¼ Argentyny w styczniu i duplika Urugwaju w lipcu 2008 r., wspólne b
oundary commission, established by Chile and Argentina in 2001 has yet to map and demarcate the delimited boundary in the inhospitable Andean Southern Ice Field (Campo de Hielo Sur)
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current situation: Argentina is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor; most victims are trafficked within the country, from rural to urban areas; child sex tourism is a problem; foreign women and children, primarily from Paraguay, Brazil, and the Dominican Republic, are trafficked to Argentina for commercial sexual exploitation; Argentine women and girls are also trafficked to neighboring countries, Mexico, and Western Europe for sexual exploitation; a significant number of Bolivians, Peruvians, and Paraguayans are trafficked into the country for forced labor in sweatshops, agriculture, and as domestic servants
tier rating:
Tier 2 Watch List - despite some progress, Argentina remains on the Tier 2 Watch List for the third consecutive year for its failure to show evidence of increasing efforts to combat human trafficking, particularly in terms of providing adequate assistance to victims and curbing official complicity with trafficking activity, especially on the provincial and local levels; the Argentine Congress has demonstrated progress by enacting much-needed and first-ever federal anti-trafficking legislation (2009)
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prze³adunku w kraju wyruszy³ do Europy kokainy, heroiny skierowali siê do USA i efedryna i pseudoefedryna wyruszy³ do Meksyku; niektórych dzia³alno¶ci w zakresie prania pieniêdzy, zw³aszcza w Tri-Border Area; korupcji organów ¶cigania; ¼ród³a prekursorów chemicznych, zwiêkszenie konsumpcji krajowej narkotyków w o¶rodkach miejskich, zw³aszcza w bazie kokainy i narkotyków syntetycznych (2008)
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¼ród³o: www.cia.gov
t³umaczenie: Google Translate
Polecam równie¿: Korsyka,
Londyn
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